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《Vue Router官方教程》

  • 2.7 命名视图

  • 有时候想同时 (同级) 展示多个视图，而不是嵌套展示，例如创建一个布局，有 sidebar (侧导航) 和 main (主内容) 两个视图，这个时候命名视图就派上用场了。你可以在界面中拥有多个单独命名的视图，而不是只有一个单独的出口。如果 router-view 没有设置名字，那么默认为 default。
    <router-view class="view left-sidebar" name="LeftSidebar"></router-view>
<router-view class="view main-content"></router-view>
<router-view class="view right-sidebar" name="RightSidebar"></router-view>
    一个视图使用一个组件渲染，因此对于同个路由，多个视图就需要多个组件。确保正确使用 components 配置 (带上 s)：
    const router = createRouter({
  history: createWebHashHistory(),
  routes: [
    {
      path: '/',
      components: {
        default: Home,
        // LeftSidebar: LeftSidebar 的缩写
        LeftSidebar,
        // 它们与 `<router-view>` 上的 `name` 属性匹配
        RightSidebar,
      },
    },
  ],
})

    例子：

    main.js 

    import { createApp } from 'vue'
import App from './App.vue'
import { router } from './router'

const app = createApp(App).use(router)
app.mount('#app')
    router.js 

    import { createRouter, createWebHistory } from 'vue-router'
import First from './views/First.vue'
import Second from './views/Second.vue'
import Third from './views/Third.vue'

export const router = createRouter({
  history: createWebHistory(),
  routes: [
    {
      path: '/',
      // a single route can define multiple named components
      // which will be rendered into <router-view>s with corresponding names.
      components: {
        default: First,
        a: Second,
        b: Third,
      },
    },
    {
      path: '/other',
      components: {
        default: Third,
        a: Second,
        b: First,
      },
    },
  ],
})
    First.vue 

    <template>
  <h1>First Seciton</h1>
</template>

    Second.vue 

    <template>
  <h1>Second section</h1>
</template>
    Third.vue 

    <template>
  <h1>Third section</h1>
</template>
    App.vue 

    <template>
  <h1>Named Views</h1>
  <ul>
    <li>
      <router-link to="/">First page</router-link>
    </li>
    <li>
      <router-link to="/other">Second page</router-link>
    </li>
  </ul>
  <router-view class="view one"></router-view>
  <router-view class="view two" name="a"></router-view>
  <router-view class="view three" name="b"></router-view>
</template>

<script>
export default {
  name: "App",
};
</script>

<style>
#app {
  font-family: Avenir, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;
  -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased;
  -moz-osx-font-smoothing: grayscale;
  color: #2c3e50;
}

.router-link-active {
  color: orange;
}

.router-link-exact-active {
  color: crimson;
}
</style>

<style scoped>
ul {
  display: flex;
  list-style: none;
  padding: 0;
  margin: 0;
}

li:not(:last-of-type) {
  margin-right: 1rem;
}
</style>

    嵌套命名视图
    我们也有可能使用命名视图创建嵌套视图的复杂布局。这时你也需要命名用到的嵌套 router-view 组件。我们以一个设置面板为例：
    /settings/emails                                       /settings/profile
+-----------------------------------+                  +------------------------------+
| UserSettings                      |                  | UserSettings                 |
| +-----+-------------------------+ |                  | +-----+--------------------+ |
| | Nav | UserEmailsSubscriptions | |  +------------>  | | Nav | UserProfile        | |
| |     +-------------------------+ |                  | |     +--------------------+ |
| |     |                         | |                  | |     | UserProfilePreview | |
| +-----+-------------------------+ |                  | +-----+--------------------+ |
+-----------------------------------+                  +------------------------------+
    1.Nav 只是一个常规组件。
    2.UserSettings 是一个视图组件。
    3.UserEmailsSubscriptions、UserProfile、UserProfilePreview 是嵌套的视图组件。
    注意：我们先忘记 HTML/CSS 具体的布局的样子，只专注在用到的组件上。

    UserSettings 组件的 <template> 部分应该是类似下面的这段代码:
    <!-- UserSettings.vue -->
<div>
  <h1>User Settings</h1>
  <NavBar />
  <router-view />
  <router-view name="helper" />
</div>
    那么你就可以通过这个路由配置来实现上面的布局：
    {
  path: '/settings',
  // 你也可以在顶级路由就配置命名视图
  component: UserSettings,
  children: [{
    path: 'emails',
    component: UserEmailsSubscriptions
  }, {
    path: 'profile',
    components: {
      default: UserProfile,
      helper: UserProfilePreview
    }
  }]
}

    完整例子：

    main.js 

    import { createApp } from 'vue'
import App from './App.vue'
import { router } from './router'

const app = createApp(App).use(router)
app.mount('#app')
    App.vue 

    <template>
  <h1>Nested Named Views</h1>
  <router-view></router-view>
</template>

<script>
export default {
  name: "App",
};
</script>

<style>
#app {
  font-family: Avenir, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;
  -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased;
  -moz-osx-font-smoothing: grayscale;
  color: #2c3e50;
}

.router-link-active {
  color: orange;
}

.router-link-exact-active {
  color: crimson;
}

.us {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: auto 1fr;
  grid-template-rows: auto;
  grid-template-areas:
    "header header"
    "nav content"
    "nav helper";
}

h2 {
  grid-area: header;
}

.us__nav {
  grid-area: nav;
  border: 1px dotted;
  margin-right: 0.75rem;
  padding: 0.3rem;
}
.us__content {
  grid-area: content;
}
.us__content--helper {
  grid-area: helper;
}
</style>

<style scoped>
ul {
  display: flex;
  list-style: none;
  padding: 0;
  margin: 0;
}

li:not(:last-of-type) {
  margin-right: 1rem;
}
</style>
    router.js 

    import { createRouter, createWebHistory } from 'vue-router'
import UserSettings from './views/UserSettings.vue'
import UserEmailsSubscriptions from './views/UserEmailsSubscriptions.vue'
import UserProfile from './views/UserProfile.vue'
import UserProfilePreview from './views/UserProfilePreview.vue'

export const router = createRouter({
  history: createWebHistory(),
  routes: [
    {
      path: '/settings',
      // You could also have named views at tho top
      component: UserSettings,
      children: [
        {
          path: 'emails',
          component: UserEmailsSubscriptions,
        },
        {
          path: 'profile',
          components: {
            default: UserProfile,
            helper: UserProfilePreview,
          },
        },
      ],
    },
  ],
})
    UserSettingsNav.vue 

    <template>
  <div class="us__nav">
    <router-link to="/settings/emails">emails</router-link>
    <br />
    <router-link to="/settings/profile">profile</router-link>
  </div>
</template>
    UserSettings.vue 

    <template>
  <div class="us">
    <h2>User Settings</h2>
    <UserSettingsNav />
    <router-view class="us__content" />
    <router-view name="helper" class="us__content us__content--helper" />
  </div>
</template>

<script>
import UserSettingsNav from "./UserSettingsNav.vue";
export default {
  components: { UserSettingsNav },
};
</script>
    UserProfilePreview.vue 

    <template>
  <div>
    <h3>Preview of your profile</h3>
  </div>
</template>
    UserProfile.vue 

    <template>
  <div>
    <h3>Edit your profile</h3>
  </div>
</template>
    UserEmailsSubscriptions.vue 

    <template>
  <div>
    <h3>Email Subscriptions</h3>
  </div>
</template>
    Home.vue 

    <template>
  <h1>Home</h1>
</template>
    About.vue 

    About.vue

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