private static void threadDontGcDemo(){ ExecutorService executorService = Executors.newFixedThreadPool(10); executorService.submit(() -> { System.out.println("111"); }); }那么为啥线程池里面的线程和线程池都没释放呢
public void shutdown() { // 堆代码 duidaima.com final ReentrantLock mainLock = this.mainLock; mainLock.lock(); try { checkShutdownAccess(); advanceRunState(SHUTDOWN); interruptIdleWorkers(); onShutdown(); // hook for ScheduledThreadPoolExecutor } finally { mainLock.unlock(); } tryTerminate(); } private void interruptIdleWorkers() { interruptIdleWorkers(false); } private void interruptIdleWorkers(boolean onlyOne) { final ReentrantLock mainLock = this.mainLock; mainLock.lock(); try { for (Worker w : workers) { Thread t = w.thread; if (!t.isInterrupted() && w.tryLock()) { try { t.interrupt(); } catch (SecurityException ignore) { } finally { w.unlock(); } } if (onlyOne) break; } } finally { mainLock.unlock(); } }我们从interruptIdleWorkers方法入手,这方法看上去最可疑,看到interruptIdleWorkers方法,这个方法里面主要就做了一件事,遍历当前线程池中的线程,并且调用线程的interrupt()方法,通知线程中断,也就是说shutdown方法只是去遍历所有线程池中的线程,然后通知线程中断。所以我们需要了解线程池里的线程是怎么处理中断的通知的。
//WOrker的run方法里面直接调用的是这个方法 final void runWorker(Worker w) { Thread wt = Thread.currentThread(); Runnable task = w.firstTask; w.firstTask = null; w.unlock(); // allow interrupts boolean completedAbruptly = true; try { while (task != null || (task = getTask()) != null) { w.lock(); // If pool is stopping, ensure thread is interrupted; // if not, ensure thread is not interrupted. This // requires a recheck in second case to deal with // shutdownNow race while clearing interrupt if ((runStateAtLeast(ctl.get(), STOP) || (Thread.interrupted() && runStateAtLeast(ctl.get(), STOP))) && !wt.isInterrupted()) wt.interrupt(); try { beforeExecute(wt, task); Throwable thrown = null; try { task.run(); } catch (RuntimeException x) { thrown = x; throw x; } catch (Error x) { thrown = x; throw x; } catch (Throwable x) { thrown = x; throw new Error(x); } finally { afterExecute(task, thrown); } } finally { task = null; w.completedTasks++; w.unlock(); } } completedAbruptly = false; } finally { processWorkerExit(w, completedAbruptly); } }这个runwoker属于是线程池的核心方法了,相当的有意思,线程池能不断运作的原理就是这里,我们一点点看。
private Runnable getTask() { boolean timedOut = false; // Did the last poll() time out? for (;;) { int c = ctl.get(); int rs = runStateOf(c); // Check if queue empty only if necessary. if (rs >= SHUTDOWN && (rs >= STOP || workQueue.isEmpty())) { decrementWorkerCount(); return null; } int wc = workerCountOf(c); // Are workers subject to culling? boolean timed = allowCoreThreadTimeOut || wc > corePoolSize; if ((wc > maximumPoolSize || (timed && timedOut)) && (wc > 1 || workQueue.isEmpty())) { if (compareAndDecrementWorkerCount(c)) return null; continue; } try { Runnable r = timed ? workQueue.poll(keepAliveTime, TimeUnit.NANOSECONDS) : workQueue.take(); if (r != null) return r; timedOut = true; } catch (InterruptedException retry) { timedOut = false; } } }这样很清楚了,抛去前面的大部分代码不看,这句代码解释了gettask的作用:
Runnable r = timed ? workQueue.poll(keepAliveTime, TimeUnit.NANOSECONDS) : workQueue.take()gettask就是从工作队列中取任务,但是前面还有个timed,这个timed的语义是这样的:如果allowCoreThreadTimeOut参数为true(一般为false)或者当前工作线程数超过核心线程数,那么使用队列的poll方法取任务,反之使用take方法。这两个方法不是重点,重点是poll方法和take方法都会让当前线程进入time_waiting或者waiting状态。而当线程处于在等待状态的时候,我们调用线程的interrupt方法,毫无疑问会使线程当场抛出异常!
private void processWorkerExit(Worker w, boolean completedAbruptly) { if (completedAbruptly) // If abrupt, then workerCount wasn't adjusted decrementWorkerCount(); final ReentrantLock mainLock = this.mainLock; mainLock.lock(); try { completedTaskCount += w.completedTasks; workers.remove(w); } finally { mainLock.unlock(); } tryTerminate(); int c = ctl.get(); if (runStateLessThan(c, STOP)) { if (!completedAbruptly) { int min = allowCoreThreadTimeOut ? 0 : corePoolSize; if (min == 0 && ! workQueue.isEmpty()) min = 1; if (workerCountOf(c) >= min) return; // replacement not needed } addWorker(null, false); } }我们可以看到,在这个方法里有一个很明显的workers.remove(w)方法,也就是在这里,这个w的变量,被移出了workers这个集合,导致worker对象不能到达gc root,于是workder对象顺理成章的变成了一个垃圾对象,被回收掉了。
3.等到workers对象空了,并且当前tomcat线程也结束,此时线程池对象也可以被gc掉,整个线程池对象成功释放