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public class Order implements Delayed {
/**
* 堆代码 duidaima.com
* 延迟时间
*/
@JsonFormat(locale = "zh", timezone = "GMT+8", pattern = "yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss")
private long time;
String name;
public Order(String name, long time, TimeUnit unit) {
this.name = name;
this.time = System.currentTimeMillis() + (time > 0 ? unit.toMillis(time) : 0);
}
@Override
public long getDelay(TimeUnit unit) {
return time - System.currentTimeMillis();
}
@Override
public int compareTo(Delayed o) {
Order Order = (Order) o;
long diff = this.time - Order.time;
if (diff <= 0) {
return -1;
} else {
return 1;
}
}
}
DelayQueue的put方法是线程安全的，因为put方法内部使用了ReentrantLock锁进行线程同步。DelayQueue还提供了两种出队的方法 poll() 和 take() ， poll() 为非阻塞获取，没有到期的元素直接返回null；take() 阻塞方式获取，没有到期的元素线程将会等待。public class DelayQueueDemo {
public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException {
Order Order1 = new Order("Order1", 5, TimeUnit.SECONDS);
Order Order2 = new Order("Order2", 10, TimeUnit.SECONDS);
Order Order3 = new Order("Order3", 15, TimeUnit.SECONDS);
DelayQueue<Order> delayQueue = new DelayQueue<>();
delayQueue.put(Order1);
delayQueue.put(Order2);
delayQueue.put(Order3);
System.out.println("订单延迟队列开始时间:" + LocalDateTime.now().format(DateTimeFormatter.ofPattern("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss")));
while (delayQueue.size() != 0) {
/**
* 取队列头部元素是否过期
*/
Order task = delayQueue.poll();
if (task != null) {
System.out.format("订单:{%s}被取消, 取消时间:{%s}\n", task.name, LocalDateTime.now().format(DateTimeFormatter.ofPattern("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss")));
}
Thread.sleep(1000);
}
}
}
上边只是简单的实现入队与出队的操作，实际开发中会有专门的线程，负责消息的入队与消费。订单延迟队列开始时间:2020-05-06 14:59:09
订单:{Order1}被取消, 取消时间:{2020-05-06 14:59:14}
订单:{Order2}被取消, 取消时间:{2020-05-06 14:59:19}
订单:{Order3}被取消, 取消时间:{2020-05-06 14:59:24}
2、Quartz 定时任务<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-quartz</artifactId>
</dependency>
在启动类中使用@EnableScheduling注解开启定时任务功能。@EnableScheduling
@SpringBootApplication
public class DelayqueueApplication {
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(DelayqueueApplication.class, args);
}
}
编写一个定时任务，每个5秒执行一次。@Component
public class QuartzDemo {
//每隔五秒
@Scheduled(cron = "0/5 * * * * ? ")
public void process(){
System.out.println("我是定时任务！");
}
}
3、Redis sorted set
zadd delayqueue 3 order3消费端轮询队列delayqueue， 将元素排序后取最小时间与当前时间比对，如小于当前时间代表已经过期移除key。
/**
* 消费消息
*/
public void pollOrderQueue() {
while (true) {
Set<Tuple> set = jedis.zrangeWithScores(DELAY_QUEUE, 0, 0);
String value = ((Tuple) set.toArray()[0]).getElement();
int score = (int) ((Tuple) set.toArray()[0]).getScore();
Calendar cal = Calendar.getInstance();
int nowSecond = (int) (cal.getTimeInMillis() / 1000);
if (nowSecond >= score) {
jedis.zrem(DELAY_QUEUE, value);
System.out.println(sdf.format(new Date()) + " removed key:" + value);
}
if (jedis.zcard(DELAY_QUEUE) <= 0) {
System.out.println(sdf.format(new Date()) + " zset empty ");
return;
}
Thread.sleep(1000);
}
}
我们看到执行结果符合预期2020-05-07 13:24:09 add finished. 2020-05-07 13:24:19 removed key:order1 2020-05-07 13:24:29 removed key:order2 2020-05-07 13:24:39 removed key:order3 2020-05-07 13:24:39 zset empty4、Redis 过期回调
notify-keyspace-events ExRedis监听配置，注入Bean RedisMessageListenerContainer
@Configuration
public class RedisListenerConfig {
@Bean
RedisMessageListenerContainer container(RedisConnectionFactory connectionFactory) {
RedisMessageListenerContainer container = new RedisMessageListenerContainer();
container.setConnectionFactory(connectionFactory);
return container;
}
}
编写Redis过期回调监听方法，必须继承KeyExpirationEventMessageListener ，有点类似于MQ的消息监听。@Component
public class RedisKeyExpirationListener extends KeyExpirationEventMessageListener {
public RedisKeyExpirationListener(RedisMessageListenerContainer listenerContainer) {
super(listenerContainer);
}
@Override
public void onMessage(Message message, byte[] pattern) {
String expiredKey = message.toString();
System.out.println("监听到key：" + expiredKey + "已过期");
}
}
到这代码就编写完成，非常的简单，接下来测试一下效果，在redis-cli客户端添加一个key 并给定3s的过期时间。set xiaofu 123 ex 3在控制台成功监听到了这个过期的key。
监听到过期的key为：xiaofu5、RabbitMQ 延时队列
public void send(String delayTimes) {
amqpTemplate.convertAndSend("order.pay.exchange", "order.pay.queue","大家好我是延迟数据", message -> {
// 设置延迟毫秒值
message.getMessageProperties().setExpiration(String.valueOf(delayTimes));
return message;
});
}
}
设置延迟队列出现死信后的转发规则/**
* 延时队列
*/
@Bean(name = "order.delay.queue")
public Queue getMessageQueue() {
return QueueBuilder
.durable(RabbitConstant.DEAD_LETTER_QUEUE)
// 配置到期后转发的交换
.withArgument("x-dead-letter-exchange", "order.close.exchange")
// 配置到期后转发的路由键
.withArgument("x-dead-letter-routing-key", "order.close.queue")
.build();
}
6、时间轮
public HashedWheelTimer(ThreadFactory threadFactory, long tickDuration, TimeUnit unit, int ticksPerWheel) {
this(threadFactory, tickDuration, unit, ticksPerWheel, true);
}
TimerTask：一个定时任务的实现接口，其中run方法包装了定时任务的逻辑。public class NettyDelayQueue {
public static void main(String[] args) {
final Timer timer = new HashedWheelTimer(Executors.defaultThreadFactory(), 5, TimeUnit.SECONDS, 2);
//定时任务
TimerTask task1 = new TimerTask() {
public void run(Timeout timeout) throws Exception {
System.out.println("order1 5s 后执行 ");
timer.newTimeout(this, 5, TimeUnit.SECONDS);//结束时候再次注册
}
};
timer.newTimeout(task1, 5, TimeUnit.SECONDS);
TimerTask task2 = new TimerTask() {
public void run(Timeout timeout) throws Exception {
System.out.println("order2 10s 后执行");
timer.newTimeout(this, 10, TimeUnit.SECONDS);//结束时候再注册
}
};
timer.newTimeout(task2, 10, TimeUnit.SECONDS);
//延迟任务
timer.newTimeout(new TimerTask() {
public void run(Timeout timeout) throws Exception {
System.out.println("order3 15s 后执行一次");
}
}, 15, TimeUnit.SECONDS);
}
}
从执行的结果看，order3、order3延时任务只执行了一次，而order2、order1为定时任务，按照不同的周期重复执行。order2 10s 后执行
