- 联系我们
- duidaima.com 版权声明
- 闽ICP备2020021581号
-
闽公网安备 35020302035485号
闽公网安备 35020302035485号
后面在网上查看后，发现 DataX 这个工具用来同步不仅速度快，而且同步的数据量基本上也相差无几。
| 角色 | 作用 |
|---|---|
| Reader（采集模块） | 负责采集数据源的数据，将数据发送给 Framework。 |
| Writer（写入模块） | 负责不断向 Framework 中取数据，并将数据写入到目的端。 |
| Framework（中间商） | 负责连接 Reader 和 Writer，作为两者的数据传输通道，并处理缓冲，流控，并发，数据转换等核心技术问题。 |
计算过程：Task / Channel = TaskGroup，最后由 TaskGroup 根据分配好的并发数来运行 Task（任务）
| 主机名 | 操作系统 | IP 地址 | 软件包 |
|---|---|---|---|
| MySQL-1 | CentOS 7.4 | 192.168.1.1 | jdk-8u181-linux-x64.tar.gzdatax.tar.gz |
| MySQL-2 | CentOS 7.4 | 192.168.1.2 |
|
[root@MySQL-1 ~]# ls anaconda-ks.cfg jdk-8u181-linux-x64.tar.gz [root@MySQL-1 ~]# tar zxf jdk-8u181-linux-x64.tar.gz [root@DataX ~]# ls anaconda-ks.cfg jdk1.8.0_181 jdk-8u181-linux-x64.tar.gz [root@MySQL-1 ~]# mv jdk1.8.0_181 /usr/local/java [root@MySQL-1 ~]# cat <<END >> /etc/profile export JAVA_HOME=/usr/local/java export PATH=$PATH:"$JAVA_HOME/bin" END [root@MySQL-1 ~]# source /etc/profile [root@MySQL-1 ~]# java -version因为 CentOS 7 上自带 Python 2.7 的软件包，所以不需要进行安装。
[root@MySQL-1 ~]# wget http://datax-opensource.oss-cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/datax.tar.gz [root@MySQL-1 ~]# tar zxf datax.tar.gz -C /usr/local/ [root@MySQL-1 ~]# rm -rf /usr/local/datax/plugin/*/._* # 需要删除隐藏文件 (重要)当未删除时，可能会输出：[/usr/local/datax/plugin/reader/._drdsreader/plugin.json] 不存在. 请检查您的配置文件.
[root@MySQL-1 ~]# cd /usr/local/datax/bin [root@MySQL-1 ~]# python datax.py ../job/job.json # 用来验证是否安装成功输出：
2021-12-13 19:26:28.828 [job-0] INFO JobContainer - PerfTrace not enable! 2021-12-13 19:26:28.829 [job-0] INFO StandAloneJobContainerCommunicator - Total 100000 records, 2600000 bytes | Speed 253.91KB/s, 10000 records/s | Error 0 records, 0 bytes | All Task WaitWriterTime 0.060s | All Task WaitReaderTime 0.068s | Percentage 100.00% 2021-12-13 19:26:28.829 [job-0] INFO JobContainer - 任务启动时刻 : 2021-12-13 19:26:18 任务结束时刻 : 2021-12-13 19:26:28 任务总计耗时 : 10s 任务平均流量 : 253.91KB/s 记录写入速度 : 10000rec/s 读出记录总数 : 100000 读写失败总数 : 02.DataX 基本使用
[root@MySQL-1 ~]# python /usr/local/datax/bin/datax.py -r streamreader -w streamwriter输出：
DataX (DATAX-OPENSOURCE-3.0), From Alibaba !
Copyright (C) 2010-2017, Alibaba Group. All Rights Reserved.
Please refer to the streamreader document:
https://github.com/alibaba/DataX/blob/master/streamreader/doc/streamreader.md
Please refer to the streamwriter document:
https://github.com/alibaba/DataX/blob/master/streamwriter/doc/streamwriter.md
Please save the following configuration as a json file and use
python {DATAX_HOME}/bin/datax.py {JSON_FILE_NAME}.json
to run the job.
{
"job": {
"content": [
{
"reader": {
"name": "streamreader",
"parameter": {
"column": [],
"sliceRecordCount": ""
}
},
"writer": {
"name": "streamwriter",
"parameter": {
"encoding": "",
"print": true
}
}
}
],
"setting": {
"speed": {
"channel": ""
}
}
}
}
根据模板编写 json 文件[root@MySQL-1 ~]# cat <<END > test.json
{
"job": {
"content": [
{
"reader": {
"name": "streamreader",
"parameter": {
"column": [ # 同步的列名 (* 表示所有)
{
"type":"string",
"value":"Hello."
},
{
"type":"string",
"value":"河北彭于晏"
},
],
"sliceRecordCount": "3" # 打印数量
}
},
"writer": {
"name": "streamwriter",
"parameter": {
"encoding": "utf-8", # 编码
"print": true
}
}
}
],
"setting": {
"speed": {
"channel": "2" # 并发 (即 sliceRecordCount * channel = 结果)
}
}
}
}
输出：（要是复制我上面的话，需要把 # 带的内容去掉）
[root@MySQL-1 ~]# yum -y install mariadb mariadb-server mariadb-libs mariadb-devel
[root@MySQL-1 ~]# systemctl start mariadb # 安装 MariaDB 数据库
[root@MySQL-1 ~]# mysql_secure_installation # 初始化
NOTE: RUNNING ALL PARTS OF THIS SCRIPT IS RECOMMENDED FOR ALL MariaDB
SERVERS IN PRODUCTION USE! PLEASE READ EACH STEP CAREFULLY!
Enter current password for root (enter for none): # 直接回车
OK, successfully used password, moving on...
Set root password? [Y/n] y # 配置 root 密码
New password:
Re-enter new password:
Password updated successfully!
Reloading privilege tables..
... Success!
Remove anonymous users? [Y/n] y # 移除匿名用户
... skipping.
Disallow root login remotely? [Y/n] n # 允许 root 远程登录
... skipping.
Remove test database and access to it? [Y/n] y # 移除测试数据库
... skipping.
Reload privilege tables now? [Y/n] y # 重新加载表
... Success!
1）准备同步数据（要同步的两台主机都要有这个表）#堆代码网 duidaima.com MariaDB [(none)]> create database `course-study`; Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec) MariaDB [(none)]> create table `course-study`.t_member(ID int,Name varchar(20),Email varchar(30)); Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
因为是使用 DataX 程序进行同步的，所以需要在双方的数据库上开放权限：
grant all privileges on *.* to root@'%' identified by '123123'; flush privileges;2）创建存储过程：
DELIMITER $$
CREATE PROCEDURE test()
BEGIN
declare A int default 1;
while (A < 3000000)do
insert into `course-study`.t_member values(A,concat("LiSa",A),concat("LiSa",A,"@163.com"));
set A = A + 1;
END while;
END $$
DELIMITER ;
call test();4.通过 DataX 实 MySQL 数据同步
[root@MySQL-1 ~]# python /usr/local/datax/bin/datax.py -r mysqlreader -w mysqlwriter
{
"job": {
"content": [
{
"reader": {
"name": "mysqlreader", # 读取端
"parameter": {
"column": [], # 需要同步的列 (* 表示所有的列)
"connection": [
{
"jdbcUrl": [], # 连接信息
"table": [] # 连接表
}
],
"password": "", # 连接用户
"username": "", # 连接密码
"where": "" # 描述筛选条件
}
},
"writer": {
"name": "mysqlwriter", # 写入端
"parameter": {
"column": [], # 需要同步的列
"connection": [
{
"jdbcUrl": "", # 连接信息
"table": [] # 连接表
}
],
"password": "", # 连接密码
"preSql": [], # 同步前. 要做的事
"session": [],
"username": "", # 连接用户
"writeMode": "" # 操作类型
}
}
}
],
"setting": {
"speed": {
"channel": "" # 指定并发数
}
}
}
}
2）编写 json 文件：[root@MySQL-1 ~]# vim install.json
{
"job": {
"content": [
{
"reader": {
"name": "mysqlreader",
"parameter": {
"username": "root",
"password": "123123",
"column": ["*"],
"splitPk": "ID",
"connection": [
{
"jdbcUrl": [
"jdbc:mysql://192.168.1.1:3306/course-study?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf8"
],
"table": ["t_member"]
}
]
}
},
"writer": {
"name": "mysqlwriter",
"parameter": {
"column": ["*"],
"connection": [
{
"jdbcUrl": "jdbc:mysql://192.168.1.2:3306/course-study?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf8",
"table": ["t_member"]
}
],
"password": "123123",
"preSql": [
"truncate t_member"
],
"session": [
"set session sql_mode='ANSI'"
],
"username": "root",
"writeMode": "insert"
}
}
}
],
"setting": {
"speed": {
"channel": "5"
}
}
}
}
3）验证[root@MySQL-1 ~]# python /usr/local/datax/bin/datax.py install.json输出：
2021-12-15 16:45:15.120 [job-0] INFO JobContainer - PerfTrace not enable! 2021-12-15 16:45:15.120 [job-0] INFO StandAloneJobContainerCommunicator - Total 2999999 records, 107666651 bytes | Speed 2.57MB/s, 74999 records/s | Error 0 records, 0 bytes | All Task WaitWriterTime 82.173s | All Task WaitReaderTime 75.722s | Percentage 100.00% 2021-12-15 16:45:15.124 [job-0] INFO JobContainer - 任务启动时刻 : 2021-12-15 16:44:32 任务结束时刻 : 2021-12-15 16:45:15 任务总计耗时 : 42s 任务平均流量 : 2.57MB/s 记录写入速度 : 74999rec/s 读出记录总数 : 2999999 读写失败总数 : 0你们可以在目的数据库进行查看，是否同步完成。
所以在有些情况下，增量同步还是蛮重要的。
[root@MySQL-1 ~]# vim where.json
{
"job": {
"content": [
{
"reader": {
"name": "mysqlreader",
"parameter": {
"username": "root",
"password": "123123",
"column": ["*"],
"splitPk": "ID",
"where": "ID <= 1888",
"connection": [
{
"jdbcUrl": [
"jdbc:mysql://192.168.1.1:3306/course-study?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf8"
],
"table": ["t_member"]
}
]
}
},
"writer": {
"name": "mysqlwriter",
"parameter": {
"column": ["*"],
"connection": [
{
"jdbcUrl": "jdbc:mysql://192.168.1.2:3306/course-study?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf8",
"table": ["t_member"]
}
],
"password": "123123",
"preSql": [
"truncate t_member"
],
"session": [
"set session sql_mode='ANSI'"
],
"username": "root",
"writeMode": "insert"
}
}
}
],
"setting": {
"speed": {
"channel": "5"
}
}
}
}
需要注意的部分就是：where（条件筛选） 和 preSql（同步前，要做的事） 参数。[root@MySQL-1 ~]# python /usr/local/data/bin/data.py where.json输出：
2021-12-16 17:34:38.534 [job-0] INFO JobContainer - PerfTrace not enable! 2021-12-16 17:34:38.534 [job-0] INFO StandAloneJobContainerCommunicator - Total 1888 records, 49543 bytes | Speed 1.61KB/s, 62 records/s | Error 0 records, 0 bytes | All Task WaitWriterTime 0.002s | All Task WaitReaderTime 100.570s | Percentage 100.00% 2021-12-16 17:34:38.537 [job-0] INFO JobContainer - 任务启动时刻 : 2021-12-16 17:34:06 任务结束时刻 : 2021-12-16 17:34:38 任务总计耗时 : 32s 任务平均流量 : 1.61KB/s 记录写入速度 : 62rec/s 读出记录总数 : 1888 读写失败总数 : 0目标数据库上查看：图片3）基于上面数据，再次进行增量同步：
同时需要将我上面的 preSql 删除(因为我上面做的操作时 truncate 表)
