日期格式是我们系统开发中最常见的格式之一,今天我们就来总结一下Python中的时间 & 日期 & 时间戳处理。
一、将字符串的时间转换为时间戳
方法:
import time #将其转换为时间数组 a = "2013-10-10 23:40:00" timeArray = time.strptime(a, "%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S") #转换为时间戳 timeStamp = int(time.mktime(timeArray)) #1381419600 print(timeStamp)二、字符串格式更改
a = "2013-10-10 23:40:00" timeArray = time.strptime(a, "%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S") otherStyleTime = time.strftime("%Y/%m/%d %H:%M:%S", timeArray) #2013/10/10 23:40:00 print(otherStyleTime)三、时间戳转换为指定格式日期
timeStamp = 1381419600 timeArray = time.localtime(timeStamp) otherStyleTime=time.strftime("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S", timeArray) #2013-10-10 23:40:00 print(otherStyleTime)3.2 方法二
import datetime timeStamp = 1381419600 dateArray = datetime.datetime.utcfromtimestamp(timeStamp) otherStyleTime = dateArray.strftime("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S") #2013-10-10 15:40:00 print(otherStyleTime)注意:使用此方法时必须先设置好时区,否则有时差。
import time timeStamp = 1381419600 #获得当前时间时间戳 now = int(time.time()) #转换为其他日期格式,如:"%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S" timeArray = time.localtime(timeStamp) otherStyleTime = time.strftime("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S", timeArray) #2013-10-10 23:40:00 print(otherStyleTime)4.2 方法二
import datetime #获得当前时间 now = datetime.datetime.now() #转换为指定的格式 otherStyleTime = now.strftime("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S") #2017-04-06 16:13:32 print(otherStyleTime)五、获得三天前的时间
import time import datetime #先获得时间数组格式的日期 threeDayAgo=(datetime.datetime.now() - datetime.timedelta(days = 3)) #转换为时间戳 # timeStamp = int(time.mktime(threeDayAgo.timetuple())) #转换为其他字符串格式 otherStyleTime = threeDayAgo.strftime("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S") #2017-04-03 16:15:56 print(otherStyleTime)注:timedelta()的参数有:days,hours,seconds,microseconds
import datetime import time timeStamp = 1381419600 #先转换为datetime dateArray = datetime.datetime.utcfromtimestamp(timeStamp) threeDayAgo = dateArray - datetime.timedelta(days = 3) #2013-10-07 15:40:00 print(threeDayAgo)七、给定日期字符串,直接转换为 datetime 对象
dateStr = '2013-10-10 23:40:00' datetimeObj=datetime.datetime.strptime(dateStr, "%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S")注:将字符串日期转换为datetime后可以很高效的进行统计操作,因为转换为datetime后,可以通过datetime.timedelta()方法来前后移动时间,效率很高,而且可读性很强。
a = datetime.datetime(2014,12,4,1,59,59) b = datetime.datetime(2014,12,4,3,59,59) diffSeconds = (b-a).total_seconds() #7200.0 print(diffSeconds)注:time.strftime,time.strptime,datetime.timedelta
#!/usr/bin/python import time t = (2009, 2, 17, 17, 3, 38, 1, 48, 0) t = time.mktime(t) print time.strftime("%b %d %Y %H:%M:%S", time.gmtime(t))以上实例输出结果为:Feb 17 2009 09:03:38
#!/usr/bin/python import time struct_time = time.strptime("30 Nov 00", "%d %b %y") print "returned tuple: %s " % struct_time以上实例输出结果为:returned tuple: (2000, 11, 30, 0, 0, 0, 3, 335, -1)
class datetime.timedelta([days[, seconds[, microseconds[, milliseconds[, minutes[, hours[, weeks]]]]]]])所有参数可选,且默认都是 0,参数的值可以是整数,浮点数,正数或负数。