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reduce 介绍
reduce 是数组的方法,可以对数组中的每个元素依次执行一个回调函数,从左到右依次累积计算出一个最终的值。其语法为:arr.reduce(callback(accumulator, currentValue[, index[, array]])[, initialValue])其中,callback 是每个元素执行的回调函数,其包含 4 个参数:
4.对数组中的每个元素执行完回调函数后,reduce 函数返回最后一次回调函数的返回值,即最终的累积值。
// 堆代码 duidaima.com
const fruits = ['apple', 'banana', 'apple', 'orange', 'banana', 'apple'];
const count = fruits.reduce((accumulator, currentValue) => {
accumulator[currentValue] = (accumulator[currentValue] || 0) + 1;
return accumulator;
}, {});
console.log(count); // Output: { apple: 3, banana: 2, orange: 1 }
拍平嵌套数组const nestedArray = [[1, 2], [3, 4], [5, 6]]; const flattenedArray = nestedArray.reduce((accumulator, currentValue) => accumulator.concat(currentValue), []); console.log(flattenedArray); // Output: [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6]按条件分组
const people = [
{ name: 'Alice', age: 25 },
{ name: 'Bob', age: 30 },
{ name: 'Charlie', age: 35 },
{ name: 'David', age: 25 },
{ name: 'Emily', age: 30 }
];
const groupedPeople = people.reduce((accumulator, currentValue) => {
const key = currentValue.age;
if (!accumulator[key]) {
accumulator[key] = [];
}
accumulator[key].push(currentValue);
return accumulator;
}, {});
console.log(groupedPeople);
// Output: {
// 25: [{ name: 'Alice', age: 25 }, { name: 'David', age: 25 }],
// 30: [{ name: 'Bob', age: 30 }, { name: 'Emily', age: 30 }],
// 35: [{ name: 'Charlie', age: 35 }]
// }
将多个数组合并为一个对象const keys = ['name', 'age', 'gender'];
const values = ['Alice', 25, 'female'];
const person = keys.reduce((accumulator, currentValue, index) => {
accumulator[currentValue] = values[index];
return accumulator;
}, {});
console.log(person); // Output: { name: 'Alice', age: 25, gender: 'female' }
将字符串转换为对象const str = 'key1=value1&key2=value2&key3=value3';
const obj = str.split('&').reduce((accumulator, currentValue) => {
const [key, value] = currentValue.split('=');
accumulator[key] = value;
return accumulator;
}, {});
console.log(obj);
// Output: { key1: 'value1', key2: 'value2', key3: 'value3' }
将对象转换为查询字符串const params = { foo: "bar", baz: 42 };
const queryString = Object.entries(params).reduce((acc, [key, value]) => {
return `${acc}${key}=${value}&`;
}, "?").slice(0, -1);
console.log(queryString); // "?foo=bar&baz=42"
打印斐波那契数列const fibonacci = n => {
return [...Array(n)].reduce((accumulator, currentValue, index) => {
if (index < 2) {
accumulator.push(index);
} else {
accumulator.push(accumulator[index - 1] + accumulator[index - 2]);
}
return accumulator;
}, []);
};
console.log(fibonacci(10)); // Output: [0, 1, 1, 2, 3, 5, 8, 13, 21, 34]
检查字符串是否是回文字符串const str = 'racecar';
const isPalindrome = str.split('').reduce((accumulator, currentValue, index, array) => {
return accumulator && currentValue === array[array.length - index - 1];
}, true);
console.log(isPalindrome); // Output: true
检查括号是否匹配const str = "(()()())";
const balanced = str.split("").reduce((acc, cur) => {
if (cur === "(") {
acc++;
} else if (cur === ")") {
acc--;
}
return acc;
}, 0) === 0;
console.log(balanced); // true
递归获取对象属性const user = {
info: {
name: "Jason",
address: { home: "Shaanxi", company: "Xian" },
},
};
function get(config, path, defaultVal) {
return path.split('.').reduce((config, name) => config[name], config) || defaultVal;
return fallback;
}
get(user, "info.name"); // Jason
get(user, "info.address.home"); // Shaanxi
get(user, "info.address.company"); // Xian
get(user, "info.address.abc", "default"); // default
手写 reducefunction myReduce(arr, callback, initialValue) {
let accumulator = initialValue === undefined ? arr[0] : initialValue;
for (let i = initialValue === undefined ? 1 : 0; i < arr.length; i++) {
accumulator = callback(accumulator, arr[i], i, arr);
}
return accumulator;
}
上面的代码中,myReduce 函数接受 3 个参数:要执行 reduce 操作的数组 arr、回调函数 callback 和累积器的初始值 initialValue。如果没有提供初始值,则将数组的第一个元素作为累积器的初始值。